What Is Apache Tomcat

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∟What Is Apache Tomcat

This section provides a quick introduction of Apache Tomcat, a Java application server, or as a Java servlet container.

What Is Apache Tomcat? - Apache Tomcat is a Java application server, also referred as a Java servlet container, which implements specifications defined by the Jakarta EE (Enterprise Edition) platform, evolved from the Java EE platform. Apache Tomcat was originally developed in 1998 by James Duncan Davidson at Sun Microsystems.

Jakarta EE platform actually contains 6 specifications:

Jakarta Servlet, formerly Java Servlet - Specifies how dynamic web content can be generated using Java programs.
Jakarta Server Pages (JSP), formerly Java Server Pages - Defines a template engine for web applications that supports mixing of textual content (including HTML and XML) with Java statements and custom tags.
Jakarta Expression Language, formerly Expression Language (EL) - Specifies a special language for embedding and evaluating expressions in web pages.
Jakarta WebSocket - Specifies a protocol to provides two-way communications between web clients and servers.
Jakarta Annotations - Defines a collection of annotations representing common semantic concepts that enable a declarative style of programming
Jakarta Authentication - Defines a general low-level SPI (Service Provider Interface) for authentication mechanisms.

Here are the major versions of Apache HTTP Server and their release dates:

Version   Release Date    Main Standards
-------   ------------    ----------------------------
10.1      2022-09-26      Jakarta EE 10: Servlet 6.0, JSP 3.1, 
                          EL 5.0, WebSocket 2.1, Authentication 2.0
10.0      2021-02-02      Jakarta EE 10: Servlet 5.0, JSP 3.0, EL 4.0, 
                          WebSocket 2.0 Authentication 2.0
9.0       2018-01-18      Servlet 4.0, JSP 2.3, EL 3.0, WebSocket 1.1
8.0       2014-06-25      Servlet 3.1, JSP 2.3, EL 3.0, WebSocket 1.1
7.0       2005-12-01      Servlet 3.0, JSP 2.2, EL 2.2, WebSocket 1.0
6.0       2007-02-28      Servlet 2.5, JSP 2.1, EL 2.1
5.5       2004-11-10      J2SE 5.0
5.0       2003-12-03      Servlet 2.4, JSP 2.0, EL 1.1
4.1       2002-09-06      Servlet 2.3, JSP 1.2
3.0       1999            Servlet 2.2, JSP 1.1
2.0       1998