Use pyOpenSSL for HTTPS Connection

Python Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples

∟Use pyOpenSSL for HTTPS Connection

This section provides a tutorial example on using the OpenSSL.SSL module to create an HTTPS connection.

If you want to control the HTTPS connection at a lower level, you can use the OpenSSL.SSL module provided in the pyOpenSSL package as shown in this Python example script:

#- pyOpenSSL-SSL-test.py
#- Copyright (c) 2025 HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved.

import sys
host = sys.argv[1]

from OpenSSL import SSL
context = SSL.Context(SSL.TLSv1_2_METHOD)

import socket
sock = socket.socket()

conn = SSL.Connection(context, sock)
conn.connect((host, 443))
conn.do_handshake()

print("\nCipher info:")
print(conn.get_cipher_name())
print(conn.get_cipher_version())
print(conn.get_cipher_bits())

print("\nServer certificate info:")
cert = conn.get_peer_certificate()
print("Subject = "+cert.get_subject().CN)
print("Issuer = "+cert.get_issuer().CN)

print("\nServer certificate chain:")
chain = conn.get_peer_cert_chain()
i = 0
for cert in chain:
  i += 1
  print("Cert "+str(i)+": Subject = "+cert.get_subject().CN)
  print("Cert "+str(i)+": Issuer = "+cert.get_issuer().CN)

request = b"GET /\r\nHost: example.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"
conn.sendall(request)

print("\nServer response:")
res = conn.recv(64)
print(res)

conn.shutdown()
conn.close()

There are several OpenSSL.SSL methods used in this script:

context = SSL.Context(SSL.TLSv1_2_METHOD) - Creates a SSL.Context object with TLS 1.2 protocol.
conn = SSL.Connection(context, sock) - Creates a SSL.Connection object with a SSL.Context object and a default socket.
conn.connect((host, 443)) - Sets up the SSL.Connection for a given remote host and port.
conn.do_handshake() - Performs the SSL handshake with the remote server.
conn.get_cipher_name(), conn.get_cipher_version(), and conn.get_cipher_bits() - Retrieves the name, version and key size of the cipher used in the SSL.Connection.
conn.conn.get_peer_certificate() and conn.get_peer_cert_chain - Retrieves the server certificate and the certificate chain used to verify the server certificate.

Here is what I get from the script on my old Ubuntu computer. You may need to install the pyOpenSSL package before running the script.

herong$ python --version 
  Python 2.7.10

herong$ pip install pyopenssl 
  Successfully installed cffi-1.15.1 cryptography-3.3.2 
    enum34-1.1.10 ipaddress-1.0.23 pycparser-2.21 
    pyopenssl-21.0.0 six-1.17.0

herong$ python pyOpenSSL-SSL-test.py www.google.com

  Cipher info:
  ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305
  TLSv1.2
  256

  Server certificate info:
  Subject = www.google.com
  Issuer = WR2

  Server certificate chain:
  Cert 1: Subject = www.google.com
  Cert 1: Issuer = WR2
  Cert 2: Subject = WR2
  Cert 2: Issuer = GTS Root R1
  Cert 3: Subject = GTS Root R1
  Cert 3: Issuer = GlobalSign Root CA

  Server response:
  HTTP/1.0 200 OK
  Date: Sat, 02 May 2026 19:37:58 GMT
  Expires: -