Using "mysql" Command to Run SQL Statements

MySQL Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples

∟Using "mysql" Command to Run SQL Statements

This section provides some tutorial examples on how to run SQL statements on a MySQL server with the client tool mysql. SQL statements can be executed one by one interactively, or in batch mode.

Once mysql is started, it will present an interactive prompt for you to run any SQL statements on the MySQL server or any mysql commands:

To run any SQL statement, enter the statement followed by ";". The last character, ";", triggers mysql to execute the statement on the server.
To run any mysql commands, enter the command.
To quit from mysql, enter "quit".
To get help, enter "help".

In the following example, I executed 1 mysql command and 4 SQL statements with mysql:

herong> %mysql%\bin\mysql --host=localhost \
   --user=root --password=TopSecret

mysql> create database test;

mysql> use test

mysql> create table hello (message varchar(80));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.41 sec)

mysql> insert into hello (message) values ('Hello world!');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select * from hello;
+--------------+
| message      |
+--------------+
| Hello world! |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop table hello;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

Note that:

mysql reports you back on the execution time of each SQL statement.
Result of the SELECT statement is nicely formatted.

In the previous example, SQL statements were executed interactively one by one. Another way to execute SQL statements is to put them into a file, and execute them in one command. First let's store all the statements we used in the previous into a file, hello.sql:

-- hello.sql
-- Copyright (c) 1999 HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved.
--
create table hello (message varchar(80));
insert into hello (message) values ('Hello world!');
select * from hello;
drop table hello;

To execute the statements in hello.sql, you can use the "source" command inside mysql:

herong> %mysql%\bin\mysql --host=localhost \
   --user=root --password=TopSecret

mysql> use test

mysql> source hello.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

+--------------+
| message      |
+--------------+
| Hello world! |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Or you can run mysqsl in batch mode:

herong> %mysql%\bin\mysql --host=localhost \
   --user=root --password=TopSecret test < hello.sql

message
Hello world!

As you can see, this is a much better way to execute SQL statements.

Table of Contents

About This Book

Introduction of SQL

MySQL Introduction and Installation

►Introduction of MySQL Programs

List of MySQL Programs

mysqld - The MySQL Server Program

mysqladmin - The Client Tool for Administrators

mysql - The Client Tool for End Users

►Using "mysql" Command to Run SQL Statements

mysqldump - Dumping Data to Files

--secure-file-priv="" - MySQL Server Option

mysqlimport - Loading Data from Files

PHP Programs and MySQL Server

Perl Programs and MySQL Servers

Java Programs and MySQL Servers

Datatypes and Data Literals

Operations and Expressions

Character Strings and Bit Strings

Commonly Used Functions

Table Column Types for Different Types of Values

Using DDL to Create Tables and Indexes

Using DML to Insert, Update and Delete Records

Using SELECT to Query Database

Window Functions for Statistical Analysis

Use Index for Better Performance

Transaction Management and Isolation Levels

Locks Used in MySQL

Defining and Calling Stored Procedures

Variables, Loops and Cursors Used in Stored Procedures

System, User-Defined and Stored Procedure Variables

MySQL Server Administration

Storage Engines in MySQL Server

InnoDB Storage Engine - Primary and Secondary Indexes

Performance Tuning and Optimization

Bulk Changes on Large Tables

MySQL Server on macOS

Installing MySQL Server on Linux

Connection, Performance and Second Instance on Linux

Archived Tutorials

References

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