JDBC Driver Connection URL

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This section describes the connection URL format and how to create connection objects with the DriverManager class.

If you want to use the DriverManager class to create connection objects, you need to know how to make a connection URL that provides access information to the MySQL server. The MySQL connection URL has the following format:

jdbc:mysql://[host][:port]/[database][?property1][=value1]...

  host - The host name where MySQL server is running. 
         Default is 127.0.0.1 - the IP address of localhost.

  port - The port number where MySQL is listening for connection.
         Default is 3306.

  Database - The name of an existing database on MySQL server.
         If not specified, the connection starts no current database.

  Property - The name of a supported connection properties. 
         "user" and "password" are 2 most important properties.
  
  Value - The value for the specified connection property.

Here are some example connection URLs:

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/HerongDB?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql://:3306/HerongDB?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql://localhost/HerongDB?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql://localhost/?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql://:3306/?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql:///HerongDB?user=Herong&password=TopSecret
jdbc:mysql:///?user=Herong&password=TopSecret

I wrote the following program to validate some of the connection URLs listed above:

/**
 * MySqlConnectionUrl.java
 * Copyright (c) 2007 by Dr. Herong Yang. All rights reserved.
 */
import java.sql.*;
public class MySqlConnectionUrl {
  public static void main(String [] args) {
    Connection con = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver") ;
      System.out.println("MySQL JDBC driver loaded ok.");
 
      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
        "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/HerongDB?"
        + "user=Herong&password=TopSecret");
      System.out.println("Connected with host:port/database.");
      con.close();

      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
        "jdbc:mysql://:3306/HerongDB?"
        + "user=Herong&password=TopSecret");
      System.out.println("Connected with default host.");
      con.close();

      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
        "jdbc:mysql://localhost/HerongDB?"
        + "user=Herong&password=TopSecret");
      System.out.println("Connected with default port.");
      con.close();

      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
        "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/?"
        + "user=Herong&password=TopSecret");
      System.out.println("Connected with no database.");
      con.close();

      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
        "jdbc:mysql:///?"
        + "user=Herong&password=TopSecret");
      System.out.println("Connected with properties only.");
      con.close();

    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.err.println("Exception: "+e.getMessage());
    }
  }
}

Here is the output:

C:\>java -cp .;\local\lib\mysql-connector-java-5.0.7-bin.jar 
  MySqlConnectionUrl

MySQL JDBC driver loaded ok.
Connected with host:port/database.
Connected with default host.
Connected with default port.
Connected with no database.
Connected with properties only.

Sections in This Chapter

MySQL Connector/J - Download and Installation

Loading JDBC Driver Class - com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

JDBC Driver Connection URL

Creating Connections with DataSource Class

Getting Driver and Server Information

Creating Tables with AUTO_INCREMENT Columns

"INSERT INTO" Statements