DriverManager.getConnection() and Connection URL

JDBC Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples - Version 3.03, by Dr. Herong Yang

JDBC Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples

∟Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server - sqljdbc42.jar

∟DriverManager.getConnection() and Connection URL

This section describes how to use DriverManager.getConnection() and connection URL for the Microsoft JDBC driver.

Once the JDBC driver class is loaded, you are ready to connect to a SQL Server by using the DriverManager.getConnection(connection_url) method. The connection URL, connection_url, is a string with the following syntax:

jdbc:sqlserver://server_name;user=login;password=****

The tutorial program below shows you a good example of using getConnection() and connection URL:

/* ConnectionTest2.java
 - Copyright (c) 2015, HerongYang.com, All Rights Reserved.
 */
import java.sql.*;
public class ConnectionTest2 {
  public static void main(String [] args) {
    Connection con = null;
    try {

// Obtaining a connection to SQL Server
      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
          "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;"
        + "user=sa;password=HerongY@ng");

    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

If you run this program with JDK 1.8 and JDBC Driver 4.2, you may get a surprising error like this:

C:\herong>\Progra~1\java\jdk1.8.0_45\bin\javac ConnectionTest2.java

C:\herong>\Progra~1\java\jdk1.8.0_45\bin\java 
   -cp .;\local\lib\sqljdbc42.jar ConnectionTest2

com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException: 
The TCP/IP connection to the host localhost, port 1433 
has failed. Error: "connect timed out. Verify the connection 
properties. Make sure that an instance of SQL Server is running on the
host and accepting TCP/IP connections at the port. Make sure that TCP 
connections to the port are not blocked by a firewall.".

The error suggests us to verify: is the database instance running or not, which TCP/IP port the instance is listening for incoming connections, and is there any firewall blocking the TCP/IP connection. See the next tutorial on how to troubleshoot the problem.

Previously, when I ran the same example program with JDK 1.6, JDBC Driver 1.0, and SQL Server 2005 Express Edition, the program failed with a different error message:

C:\herong>\progra~1\java\jdk1.6.0_02\bin\javac ConnectionTest2.java

C:\herong>\progra~1\java\jdk1.6.0_02\bin\java 
   -cp .;\local\lib\sqljdbc.jar ConnectionTest2

SQLException: The TCP/IP connection to the host  has failed. 
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect

Last update: 2015.

Table of Contents

About This Book

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) Introduction

JDK (Java SE) Installation

Installing and Running Java DB - Derby

Derby (Java DB) JDBC Driver

Derby (Java DB) JDBC DataSource Objects

Java DB (Derby) - DML Statements

Java DB (Derby) - ResultSet Objects of Queries

Java DB (Derby) - PreparedStatement

MySQL Installation on Windows