EC Cryptography Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples

∟EC (Elliptic Curve) Key Pair

∟EC Private and Public Key Pair

This section introduces what is EC (Elliptic Curve) key pair - a pair of private key and public key constructed from a given subgroup generator in a given elliptic curve group.

What Is EC Private and Public Key Pair? An EC (Elliptic Curve) key pair is a pair of private key and public key constructed from a given subgroup generator in a given elliptic curve group.

Here are the steps to generate an EC private and public key pair:

1. Alice selects an elliptic curve subgroup defined by a set of domain parameters, (p,a,b,G,n,h): 

p: The modulo used to specify the reduced elliptic curve group.
a: The first coefficient of the elliptic curve.
b: The second coefficient of the elliptic curve.
G: The generator (base point) of the subgroup.
n: The order of the subgroup.
h: The cofactor of the subgroup.

2. Alice selects a private number d and puts it together with domain parameters as the private key: 

Private key = {d, p, a, b, G, n, h}

3. Alice performs the scalar multiplication of Q = d*G and puts it together with domain parameters as the public key: 

Private key = {Q, p, a, b, G, n, h}

Actually, the order of the subgroup, n, and the cofactor of the subgroup, h, are not really important, because they can be derived from the generator G.

Also, if the subgroup (or domain parameters) is publicly known to everyone, we can simply refer to d as the private key, and Q as the public key.

For example, if Alice decides to use the subgroup generated by G = (15,13) in the elliptic curve group of E17(0,7). The domain parameters will be: 

{p, a, b, G, n, h} = {17, 0, 7, (15,3), 17, 1}

If Alice selects d = 11 as the private number, her private key will be: 

{d, p, a, b, G, n, h} = {11, 17, 0, 7, (15,3), 17, 1}

Alice then calculates Q = d*G = 11*(15,3) = (10,2). Her key public key will be: 

{Q, p, a, b, G, n, h} = {(10,2), 17, 0, 7, (15,3), 17, 1}

Table of Contents

 About This Book

 Geometric Introduction to Elliptic Curves

 Algebraic Introduction to Elliptic Curves

 Abelian Group and Elliptic Curves

 Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP)

 Finite Fields

 Generators and Cyclic Subgroups

 Reduced Elliptic Curve Groups

 Elliptic Curve Subgroups

 tinyec - Python Library for ECC

►EC (Elliptic Curve) Key Pair

►EC Private and Public Key Pair

 Is EC Private Key Secure

 EC Private Key Example - secp256k1

 Generate secp256k1 Keys with OpenSSL

 EC Key in PEM File Format

 EC Key File with Curve Name

 Create EC Public Key File

 ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman) Key Exchange

 ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm)

 ECES (Elliptic Curve Encryption Scheme)

 EC Cryptography in Java

 Standard Elliptic Curves

 Terminology

 References

 Full Version in PDF/EPUB