This section provides a quick introduction of ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) character set and encoding.
Before we jump into Unicode character set and Unicode encodings, we should first look at a much older and simpler character set, ASCII.
What Is ASCII? ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
is a character set and an encoding schema for English letters, numbers and some control characters.
The ASCII specification was published as "American Standard Code for Information Interchange, ASA X3.4-1963" by
American Standards Association, in June 17, 1963.
The ASCII character set contains 95 printable characters and 33 control characters, giving a total of 128 characters.
Their code points are integers range from 0 to 127, which can be mapped to 7 bits in binary format.
The ASCII encoding is simple, each character is mapped to 1 byte with the leading bit set to 0 and other 7 bits
representing the character's code point as an integer.
