Perl Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples
Dr. Herong Yang, Version 5.00

Hard References - Addresses of Memory Objects

This chapter provides tutorial examples and notes about hard references, addresses of memory objects. Topics include taking hard references with the reference operator, \ on variables, functions or anonymous objects; using hard references in the same way as soft references by using curly brackets {} or the dereference operator ->; using hard references as strings or numbers.

\* - Creating Hard References

Using Hard References

$$name - Replacing Identifiers by Scalar Variables

${EXPR} - Replacing Identifiers by Expressions

EXPR->* - The Dereference Operator

$$$name - Nested Hard References

\$b-\$a - Using Hard References in Other Operations

Dr. Herong Yang, updated in 2008
Hard References - Addresses of Memory Objects