JDBC Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples - v3.14, by Herong Yang
Connection Pooling with C3P0 ComboPooledDataSource
This section provides a tutorial example that shows you how to use the C3P0 ComboPooledDataSource class to manage the connection pool with JavaBean style properties.
The easiest way to use C3P0 package for connection pooling is to use the com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource class. It implements the standard JDBC javax.sql.DataSource interface to manage the connection pool with JavaBean style properties.
The ComboPooledDataSource class uses set*() and get*() methods to configure and manage the connection pool. Here is my sample Java program, C3p0ComboPooledDataSourceExample.java against my local Derby server.
/* C3p0ComboPooledDataSourceExample.java * Copyright (c) HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved. */ import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData; import javax.sql.DataSource; import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource; public class C3p0ComboPooledDataSourceExample { static java.io.PrintStream out = System.out; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String url = "jdbc:derby://localhost/TestDB"; // Get a DataSource with pooled connections DataSource ds = getDataSource(url); // Get a pooled connection Connection con = ds.getConnection(); checkDataSource(ds); // Verify the pooled connection DatabaseMetaData meta = con.getMetaData(); out.println(); out.println("Database Connection Info: "); out.println(" Server name: "+meta.getDatabaseProductName()); out.println(" Server version: "+meta.getDatabaseProductVersion()); out.println(" Driver name: "+ meta.getDriverName()); out.println(" Driver version: "+ meta.getDriverVersion()); out.println(" JDBC major version: "+ meta.getJDBCMajorVersion()); out.println(" JDBC minor version: "+ meta.getJDBCMinorVersion()); // Close the pooled connection con.close(); // Wait for 3 minutes to check the server side out.println(); out.println("Go and count connections on the database server ..."); Thread.sleep(3*60*1000); // Close the DataSource closeDataSource(ds); } public static DataSource getDataSource(String url) throws Exception { ComboPooledDataSource cpds = new ComboPooledDataSource(); cpds.setJdbcUrl(url); cpds.setInitialPoolSize(10); DataSource ds = (DataSource) cpds; return ds; } public static void closeDataSource(DataSource ds) throws Exception { ComboPooledDataSource cpds = (ComboPooledDataSource) ds; cpds.close(); } public static void checkDataSource(DataSource ds) throws Exception { ComboPooledDataSource cpds = (ComboPooledDataSource) ds; out.println(); out.println("C3P0 ComboPooledDataSource Info: "); out.println(" Total Connections: "+cpds.getNumConnections()); out.println(" Busy Connections: "+cpds.getNumBusyConnections()); out.println(" Idle Connections: "+cpds.getNumIdleConnections()); out.println(" Connection URL: "+cpds.getJdbcUrl()); out.println(" User Name: "+cpds.getUser()); out.println(" Password: "+cpds.getPassword()); } }
To run this test program, I need both Derby JDBC and C3P0 JAR files. See other tutorials to download them.
Let's run it:
herong> java -cp .:\ c3p0-0.9.5.5.jar:\ derbyclient.jar \ C3p0ComboPooledDataSourceExample.java 8:37:33 PM com.mchange.v2.log.MLog INFO: MLog clients using java 1.4+ standard logging. 8:37:38 PM com.mchange.v2.c3p0.C3P0Registry INFO: Initializing c3p0-0.9.5.5 [built 11-December-2019 22:07:46 ...] 8:37:38 PM com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.AbstractPoolBackedDataSource INFO: Initializing c3p0 pool... com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource [ acquireIncrement -> 3, acquireRetryAttempts -> 30, ... ] C3P0 ComboPooledDataSource Info: Total Connections: 3 Busy Connections: 1 Idle Connections: 2 Connection URL: jdbc:derby://localhost/TestDB User Name: null Password: null Database Connection Info: Server name: Apache Derby Server version: 10.17.1.0 - (1913217) Driver name: Apache Derby Network Client JDBC Driver Driver version: 10.15.1.3 - (1853019) JDBC major version: 4 JDBC minor version: 2 Go and count connections on the database server ...
Unfortunately, I could not find a way to verify how many connections has been created by this test program on the Derby server. But it seems to be working correctly.
So, what we can see from this tutorial:
Table of Contents
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) Introduction
Installing and Running Derby (Java DB)
Derby (Java DB) JDBC DataSource Objects
Derby (Java DB) - DML Statements
Derby (Java DB) - ResultSet Objects of Queries
Derby (Java DB) - PreparedStatement
Summary of JDBC Drivers and Database Servers
►Using Connection Pool with JDBC
What Is Database Connection Pool
Commons DBCP for Connection Pooling
Connection Pooling with Commons DBCP BasicDataSource
Connection Pooling with Commons DBCP PoolingDriver
►Connection Pooling with C3P0 ComboPooledDataSource