JDBC for Oracle - Herong's Tutorial Examples - v3.13, by Herong Yang
Connection Pooling with C3P0 DataSources
This section provides a tutorial example that shows you how to use the C3P0 DataSources class to create and convert a unpooled DataSource to a pooled DataSource using PoolBackedDataSource with default configurations.
The another easy way to use C3P0 package for connection pooling is to use the com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DataSources class. It offers 2 statics methods to create and convert a unpooled DataSource to a pooled DataSource using PoolBackedDataSource with default configurations.
Here is my sample Java program, C3p0DataSourcesExample.java against my local Oracle server.
/* C3p0DataSourcesExample.java * Copyright (c) HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved. */ import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData; import javax.sql.DataSource; import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DataSources; import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.PoolBackedDataSource; public class C3p0DataSourcesExample { static java.io.PrintStream out = System.out; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:Herong/TopSecret@//localhost:1521/XE"; // Get a DataSource with pooled connections DataSource ds = getDataSource(url); // Get a pooled connection Connection con = ds.getConnection(); checkDataSource(ds); // Verify the pooled connection DatabaseMetaData meta = con.getMetaData(); out.println(); out.println("Database Connection Info: "); out.println(" Server name: "+meta.getDatabaseProductName()); out.println(" Server version: "+meta.getDatabaseProductVersion()); out.println(" Driver name: "+ meta.getDriverName()); out.println(" Driver version: "+ meta.getDriverVersion()); out.println(" JDBC major version: "+ meta.getJDBCMajorVersion()); out.println(" JDBC minor version: "+ meta.getJDBCMinorVersion()); // Close the pooled connection con.close(); // Wait for 3 minutes to check the server side out.println(); out.println("Go and count connections on the database server ..."); Thread.sleep(3*60*1000); // Close the DataSource closeDataSource(ds); } public static DataSource getDataSource(String url) throws Exception { DataSource unpooled = DataSources.unpooledDataSource(url); DataSource pooled = DataSources.pooledDataSource(unpooled); return pooled; } public static void closeDataSource(DataSource ds) throws Exception { DataSources.destroy(ds); } public static void checkDataSource(DataSource ds) throws Exception { PoolBackedDataSource pbds = (PoolBackedDataSource) ds; out.println(); out.println("C3P0 PoolBackedDataSource Info: "); out.println(" Total Connections: "+pbds.getNumConnections()); out.println(" Busy Connections: "+pbds.getNumBusyConnections()); out.println(" Idle Connections: "+pbds.getNumIdleConnections()); } }
To run this test program, I need both Oracle JDBC and C3P0 JAR files. See other tutorials to download them.
Let's run it:
herong> java -cp .:\ c3p0-0.9.5.5.jar:\ ojdbc11.jar \ C3p0DataSourcesExample.java 9:46:40 PM com.mchange.v2.log.MLog INFO: MLog clients using java 1.4+ standard logging. 9:46:45 PM com.mchange.v2.c3p0.C3P0Registry INFO: Initializing c3p0-0.9.5.5 [built 11-December-2019 22:07:46 ...] 9:46:45 PM com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.AbstractPoolBackedDataSource INFO: Initializing c3p0 pool... com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource [ acquireIncrement -> 3, acquireRetryAttempts -> 30, ... ] C3P0 PoolBackedDataSource Info: Total Connections: 3 Busy Connections: 1 Idle Connections: 2 Database Connection Info: Server name: Oracle Server version: Oracle Database 21c Express Edition Release ... Driver name: Oracle JDBC driver Driver version: 21.4.0.0.0 JDBC major version: 4 JDBC minor version: 3 Go and count connections on the database server ...
On the Oracle server, log in as "root". I see 3 connections:
SQL> SELECT sid, SUBSTR(username,0,8) FROM v$session WHERE username IS NOT NULL; SID SUBSTR(USERNAME,0,8) ---------- -------------------------------- 379 SYS 506 HERONG 629 HERONG 754 HERONG
So, what we can see from this tutorial:
Table of Contents
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) Introduction
Oracle Express Edition Installation on Windows
Oracle - Reference Implementation of JdbcRowSet
Oracle - JBDC CallableStatement
Oracle CLOB (Character Large Object) - TEXT
Oracle BLOB (Binary Large Object) - BLOB
►Using Connection Pool with JDBC
What Is Database Connection Pool
Commons DBCP for Connection Pooling
Connection Pooling with Commons DBCP BasicDataSource
Connection Pooling with Commons DBCP PoolingDriver
Connection Pooling with C3P0 ComboPooledDataSource