DriverManager.getConnection() and Connection URL

JDBC for SQL Server - Herong's Tutorial Examples

∟DriverManager.getConnection() and Connection URL

This section describes how to use DriverManager.getConnection() and connection URL for the Microsoft JDBC driver.

Once the JDBC driver class is loaded, you are ready to connect to a SQL Server by using the DriverManager.getConnection(connection_url) method. The connection URL, connection_url, is a string with the following syntax, assuming that the SQL Server is running an instance at the default port number.

jdbc:sqlserver://server_name;user=login;password=****

The tutorial program below shows you a good example of using getConnection() and connection URL:

/* ConnectionTest2.java
 * Copyright (c) HerongYang.com. All Rights Reserved.
 */
import java.sql.*;
public class ConnectionTest2 {
  public static void main(String [] args) {
    Connection con = null;
    try {

// Obtaining a connection to SQL Server
      con = DriverManager.getConnection(
          "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;"
        + "user=herong;password=T0pSecret");

    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

Run the above program with latest JDK. You may get no error, if the server is configured correctly.

herong> java -cp .;mssql-jdbc-9.4.1.jre16.jar ConnectionTest2.java

Or you may get connection error like this:

herong> java -cp .;mssql-jdbc-9.4.1.jre16.jar ConnectionTest2

com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException:
The TCP/IP connection to the host localhost, port 1433
has failed. Error: "connect timed out. Verify the connection
properties. Make sure that an instance of SQL Server is running on the
host and accepting TCP/IP connections at the port. Make sure that TCP
connections to the port are not blocked by a firewall.".

The error suggests us to verify: is the database instance running or not, which TCP/IP port the instance is listening for incoming connections, and is there any firewall blocking the TCP/IP connection. See the next tutorial on how to troubleshoot the problem.

Previously, when I ran the same example program with JDK 1.6, JDBC Driver 1.0, and SQL Server 2005 Express Edition, the program failed with a different error message:

herong> java -cp .;sqljdbc.jar ConnectionTest2

SQLException: The TCP/IP connection to the host has failed.
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect