Cryptography Tutorials - Herong's Tutorial Examples - v5.41, by Herong Yang
What is ECB (Electronic CodeBook) Operation Mode?
This section describes what is ECB (Electronic CodeBook) Operation Mode - each plaintext block is encrypted independently without any input from other blocks.
ECB (Electronic CodeBook) is the simplest operation mode comparing to other operation modes. It can be described by the formula and the diagram below with notations defined earlier:
C[i] = Ek(P[i]) P[1]--| P[2]--| P[3]--| | | | Ek() Ek() Ek() | | | C[1] C[2] C[3]
As you can see from the formula and the diagram, in ECB mode, each ciphertext block is obtained by applying the DES encryption process to the current plaintext block directly. So the current ciphertext block has not dependency on any previous plaintext blocks.
The disadvantage of ECB mode is that identical plaintext blocks are encrypted to identical ciphertext blocks; thus, it does not hide data patterns well. In some senses it doesn't provide message confidentiality at all, and it is not recommended for cryptographic protocols.
wikipedia has a striking example of the degree to which ECB can reveal patterns in the plaintext. The example uses a bitmap file of an image as the plaintext message. After applying DES encryption in ECB mode, the ciphertext message can be viewed as a new bitmap image file. The new image does reveal major patterns of the original image very clearly.
Table of Contents
Introduction to AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
DES Algorithm - Illustrated with Java Programs
DES Algorithm Java Implementation
DES Algorithm - Java Implementation in JDK JCE
►DES Encryption Operation Modes
DES Encryption Operation Mode Introduction
►What is ECB (Electronic CodeBook) Operation Mode?
What is CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) Operation Mode?
What is CFB (Cipher FeedBack) Operation Mode?
What is OFB (Output FeedBack) Operation Mode?
JCE DES Operation Mode Testing Program
JCE DES Operation Mode Testing Program Result
PHP Implementation of DES - mcrypt
Blowfish - 8-Byte Block Cipher
Secret Key Generation and Management
Cipher - Secret Key Encryption and Decryption
RSA Implementation using java.math.BigInteger Class
Introduction of DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm)
Java Default Implementation of DSA
Private key and Public Key Pair Generation
PKCS#8/X.509 Private/Public Encoding Standards
Cipher - Public Key Encryption and Decryption
OpenSSL Introduction and Installation
OpenSSL Generating and Managing RSA Keys
OpenSSL Generating and Signing CSR
OpenSSL Validating Certificate Path
"keytool" and "keystore" from JDK
"OpenSSL" Signing CSR Generated by "keytool"
Migrating Keys from "keystore" to "OpenSSL" Key Files
Certificate X.509 Standard and DER/PEM Formats
Migrating Keys from "OpenSSL" Key Files to "keystore"