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Terminology
Cryptography Terminology
Blowfish: A Feistel network iterating a simple encryption function 16 times.
The block size is 64 bits,
and the key can be any length up to 448 bits. Although there is a complex
initialization phase required before any encryption can take place, the actual
encryption of data is very efficient on large microprocessors.
CBC (Cipher Block Chaining): An operation mode for block ciphers, where each plaintext block is XORed
with the previous ciphertext block before encryption.
Certification Chain: Also called Certificate Path. An ordered list of certificates where the subject entity
of one certificate is identical to the issuing entity of the next certificate.
Certificate Path: Also called Certification Chain. An ordered list of certificates where the subject entity
of one certificate is identical to the issuing entity of the next certificate.
CFB (Cipher FeedBack): An operation mode for block ciphers, where each block of plaintext is XORed with the encrypted version of
the previous ciphertext to generate the current ciphertext block.
DES (Data Encryption Standard): A 16-round Feistel cipher with block size of 64 bits.
DES was developed by IBM in 1974 in response to a federal government public
invitation for data encryption algorithms. In 977, DES was published as a
federal standard, FIPS PUB 46.
ECB (Electronic CodeBook): An operation mode for block ciphers, where each plaintext block is encrypted
independent from other blocks.
MD5 (Message Digest 5): A message-digest algorithm, which
takes as input a message of arbitrary length and produces
as output a 128-bit "fingerprint" or "message digest" of the input.
It is conjectured that it is computationally infeasible to produce
two messages having the same message digest, or to produce any
message having a given prespecified target message digest.
OFB (Output FeedBack): An operation mode for block ciphers, where each block of plaintext is XORed with the encrypted version of
the previous ciphertext to generate the current ciphertext block.
OpenSSL: A cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols and
related cryptography standards required by them.
PKCS5Padding: A padding schema for block ciphers, where the number of padded bytes equals
to "8 - numberOfBytes(clearTextMessage) mod 8", and the value of each padded byte is an integer
value of the number of padded bytes.
RSA (Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard M. Adleman): A public key algorithm
invented in 1976 by three MIT mathematicians, Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir,
and Leonard M. Adleman.
SHA1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1): A message-digest algorithm, which takes
an input message of any length < 2^64 bits and produces a 160-bit output
as the message digest.
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